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Help at home · Non-Verbal Reasoning

How to explain matrices to your child

Your child looks at a grid of figures with one square missing and picks the figure that completes the pattern.

The note

How schools teach it now

Not usually taught in school, though it is like a picture sudoku. The 11+ strategy: look along each row, then down each column, one feature at a time (shape, shading, number, turn). Some grids have each shape once in every row and column.

5-minute kitchen-table activity

Make a 3 by 3 grid on the table with cutlery, coins or Lego: a different item along each row and a different colour or size down each column. Take one away and ask your child what's missing and why. Then swap roles.

Worked example

In a 3×3 grid, row 1 is circle, square, triangle; row 2 is square, triangle, circle; row 3 is triangle, circle, ?. Column 1 is all black, column 2 grey, column 3 white. What goes in the missing square?

  1. Each row and column has one circle, one square and one triangle.
  2. Row 3 already has a triangle and a circle, so the missing shape is a square.
  3. The missing square is in column 3, which is white.

Answer: A white square

Common mistakes to watch for

  • Looking only along the row and not down the column.
  • Getting the shape right but the shading wrong.
  • Not checking the answer against both directions.

Encouragement

Try saying
“Rows, then columns. You're thinking like a puzzle expert.”
Rather than
“It's just a guessing game.”

Practise matrices with marked questions

Academy11+ marks every answer, shows how your child is doing in each topic and puts the right home-help note next to the ones they find hard.